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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.datomic.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.datomic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)CognitectMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2012201219891980
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava, ClojureC++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerstables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDatomicMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle
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