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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#106  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.datomic.comwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)CognitectLeanXcaleMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20122012201520162009
Current release1.0.6735, June 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava, ClojureC++C++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C
Java
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDatomicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRethinkDB
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