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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.63
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.08
Rank#132  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#287  Overall
#38  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.07
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.datomic.comwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbnsdb.io
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.datomic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)CognitectLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release20122012201520142017
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava, ClojureJava, Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query languageSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infoTransaction FunctionsJavaScriptno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDatomicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNSDb
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