DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#119	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	22.71
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

drill.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2016

2014

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++

C#
Java
PHP

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Transact SQL

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on the underlying data source

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

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