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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. OrientDB vs. Realm vs. SQLite vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. OrientDB vs. Realm vs. SQLite vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.82
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.38
Rank#96  Overall
#17  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score7.70
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score118.16
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneorientdb.orgrealm.iowww.sqlite.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlrealm.io/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Dwayne Richard HippStardog-Union
Initial release20172010201420002010
Current release3.2.29, March 20243.45.2  (12 March 2024), March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyes infodynamic column typesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language, no joinsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, Javascriptno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessarynouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnoHooksyes infoChange Listenersyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationnonenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationship in graphsnoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-Memory realmyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurableyesnoAccess rights for users and roles

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Amazon NeptuneOrientDBRealmSQLiteStardog
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