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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneneo4j.comwww.stardog.compingcap.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperAmazonNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2017200720102016
Current release5.18.1, March 20247.3.0, May 20207.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaGo, Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneNeo4jStardogTiDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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