DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Widely used open source RDBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#112	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.52
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#309	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.mysql.com

www.postgres-xl.org

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

dev.mysql.com/doc

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

Amazon

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Initial release

2017

1995

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2017

Current release

8.3.0, January 2024

10 R1, October 2018

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

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