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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score23.90
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score37.12
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepostgis.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpostgis.net/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSAP, Sybase
Initial release20172013201020051987
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V123.4.2, February 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++CC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLuser defined functionsJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes infobased on PostgreSQLhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infobased on PostgreSQLMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostGISSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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