DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. IRONdb vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. IRONdb vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Open source graph database

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.90
Rank	#119	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#347	Overall
	#31	Time Series DBMS

Score	51.04
Rank	#20	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	1.63
Rank	#127	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database

neo4j.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.circonus.com/irondb

neo4j.com/docs

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon

Circonus LLC.

Neo4j, Inc.

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2017

2007

2010

Current release

V0.10.20, January 2018

4.2.4 , March 2021

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin 3.3

HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in Lua

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic, metric affinity per node

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Neo4j is a native graph database platform that is built to store, query, analyze...
» more

Stardog is an Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform, uniquely combining graph storage...
» more

Competitive advantages

Neo4j database is the only transactional database that combines everything you need...
» more

Stardog provides a full featureset to aid in data integration for your complex data....
» more

Typical application scenarios

Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more

Stardog is frequently used for: Anti-money laundering & fraud monitoring Customer...
» more

Key customers

Over 300 commercial customers and over 750 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more

Bosch, Dow Jones, Elsevier, Ericsson, Morgan Stanley, NASA, NIH, Nokia, Salesforce,...
» more

Market metrics

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than a 15 million...
» more

Stardog's technology is based on ground-breaking research by our founders cited 10,000+...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

A fully-featured 60-day Trial license is available for those testing Stardog; contact...
» more

News

This Week in Neo4j – Neo4j & Django, Analyzing Genomes, GGCD, Change Data Capture,
10 April 2021

Graphs for Real-Time Transaction Processing: 5-Minute Interview with Jorge Zaccaro
9 April 2021

Advantages of Neo4j Aura Enterprise: Innovative and Trusted
5 April 2021

This Week in Neo4j – Build a Knowledge Graph, GRANDstack Podcast App, Archimate Model,
3 April 2021

#GraphCast: Current Leverages Neo4j for a Modern Banking Approach
2 April 2021

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.