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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.82
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.79
Rank#113  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.56
Rank#253  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftOracle
Initial release20172010198919802014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 202310 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++C and C++C
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneIBM CloudantMicrosoft SQL ServerOraclePostgres-XL
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