DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. HarperDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Milvus vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. HarperDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Milvus vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#112	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#252	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	0.15
Rank	#339	Overall
	#33	Graph DBMS

Score	1.81
Rank	#144	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.harperdb.io

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

milvus.io

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.harperdb.io/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Amazon

HarperDB

Baidu

Oracle

Initial release

2017

2018

2019

1980

Current release

3.1, August 2021

0.9

2.3.4, January 2024

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Node.js

Java

C++, Go

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Groovy
Java
Python

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

Users, roles and permissions

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.