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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTypeDB provides developers with an expressive, customizable type system to manage their data using an award-winning query language, TypeQL, while building on a high-performance, distributed architecture.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the graph database model.
Object oriented DBMS infoThe data model of TypeDB comprises object-oriented features such as class inheritance and interfaces.
Relational DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the relational database model.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.65
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#9  Object oriented DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comquestdb.iowww.stardog.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlquestdb.io/­docsdocs.stardog.comtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerQuestDB Technology IncStardog-UnionVaticle
Initial release20172005201420102016
Current release2.2.220, July 20237.3.0, May 20202.28.3, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL with time-series extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (IDE)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)noneno
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSynchronous replication via raft
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneH2QuestDBStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2QuestDBStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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