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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. Splunk vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. Splunk vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsAnalytics Platform for Big DataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.82
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score44.36
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score89.68
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannerneo4j.comwww.splunk.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunkdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Splunk Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20172017200720032010
Current release5.18.1, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commandsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP RESTGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handleryesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes using Neo4j FabricShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searchingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerNeo4jSplunkStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerNeo4jSplunkStardog
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