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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. EDB Postgres vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. EDB Postgres vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudThe EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.18
Rank#122  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.enterprisedb.comcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsyaacomo.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.enterprisedb.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperAmazonEnterpriseDBGoogleMicrosoftQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release20172005201720162009
Current release14, December 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentscommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
hostedhostedAndroid
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneEDB PostgresGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseYaacomo
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