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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon SimpleDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudHosted simple database service by Amazon, with the data stored in the Amazon Cloud. infoThere is an unrelated product called SimpleDB developed by Edward ScioreGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.82
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.90
Rank#145  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.38
Rank#96  Overall
#17  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneaws.amazon.com/­simpledbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dborientdb.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.aws.amazon.com/­simpledblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonAmazonMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2017200720142010
Current release3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll columns are indexed automaticallyyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Erlang
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJavaScriptJava, Javascript
TriggersnonoJavaScriptHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoSharding must be implemented in the applicationSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoConcurrent data updates can be detected by the applicationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneAmazon SimpleDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDB
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