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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.12
Rank#111  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score14.12
Rank#38  Overall
#23  Relational DBMS
Score0.20
Rank#305  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperAmazonAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Oxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release201720122017
Current release6.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnorestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin Python
Triggersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the system
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneAmazon RedshiftRDFox
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Recent citations in the news

Amazon Neptune now supports open-source GraphRAG toolkit
21 January 2025, AWS Blog

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How Orca Security optimized their Amazon Neptune database performance
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17 December 2024, AWS Blog

How MuleSoft achieved cloud excellence through an event-driven Amazon Redshift lakehouse architecture
28 January 2025, AWS Blog

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30 October 2024, AWS Blog

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Samsung Electronics Announces Acquisition of Oxford Semantic Technologies, UK-Based Knowledge Graph Startup
18 July 2024, Samsung Global Newsroom

Samsung buys UK startup Oxford Semantic to boost ‘personalised AI experiences’
18 July 2024, TNW

University spin-out Oxford Semantic Technologies acquired by Samsung Electronics
16 July 2024, University of Oxford

Samsung acquires UK-based knowledge graph company
19 July 2024, evertiq.com

Samsung buys UK AI startup to give its products the personal touch
18 July 2024, The Register

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