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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.57
Rank#16  Overall
#2  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSpotifyPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201320141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache ImpalaHeroicPostgreSQL
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