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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Riak KV

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.72
Rank#16  Overall
#2  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.95
Rank#76  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release2012201720142009
Current release3.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlang
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJavaScriptErlang
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdanoJavaScriptyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*yes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACID infoStrict serializable isolationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelyes, using Riak Security

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBRiak KV
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