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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score76.49
Rank#15  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score22.55
Rank#26  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#2  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release201220172014
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Server operating systemshostedhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJavaScript
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdanoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACID infoStrict serializable isolationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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Recent citations in the news

Amazon DynamoDB re:Invent 2024 recap
19 December 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Announcing configurable point-in-time recovery periods for Amazon DynamoDB
7 January 2025, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

What version of Amazon DynamoDB are you running?
15 October 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

New Amazon DynamoDB zero-ETL integration with Amazon SageMaker Lakehouse | Amazon Web Services
3 December 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Enhance real-time applications with AWS AppSync Events data source integrations | Amazon Web Services
24 April 2025, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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23 July 2024, InfoWorld

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1 August 2024, TechCrunch

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22 March 2025, infoq.com

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Microsoft Announces General Availability of Data API Builder for Azure Cosmos DB
6 July 2024, infoq.com

Start your AI journey with Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB—compete for $10K
9 May 2024, Microsoft Azure

How to use Azure Cosmos DB in .Net
10 July 2024, InfoWorld

Building Planet-Scale .NET Apps with Azure Cosmos DB
4 June 2024, Visual Studio Magazine

Microsoft Announces Open-Source DocumentDB NoSQL Database
26 January 2025, Phoronix

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