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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.72
Rank#16  Overall
#2  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.08
Rank#132  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#157  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.datomic.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.datomic.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperAmazonCognitectPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release201220121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1998
Current release1.0.6735, June 202316.2, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQL
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdaBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerspartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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