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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. CrateDB vs. Galaxybase vs. GraphDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. CrateDB vs. Galaxybase vs. GraphDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonGalaxybase  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed Database based on LuceneScalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platformEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.57
Rank#16  Overall
#2  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#229  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#375  Overall
#40  Graph DBMS
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.citusdata.comcratedb.comgalaxybase.comwww.ontotext.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.citusdata.comcratedb.com/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAmazonCrateChuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司Ontotext
Initial release20122010201320172000
Current release8.1, December 2018Nov 20, November 202110.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageCJavaC and JavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)Strong typed schemaschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
Go
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions (Javascript)user defined procedures and functionswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoConstraint checking
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsRole-based access controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCitusCrateDBGalaxybaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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