DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APITransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.89
Rank#137  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­documentdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlintrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourceslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release201919891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092014
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.2, February 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possibleyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-document operationsACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
» more

Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
» more
CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Amazon DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLTinkerGraphTrafodion
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire
2 May 2017, Paul Andlinger

Microsoft SQL Server is the DBMS of the Year
4 January 2017, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Reduce cost and improve performance by migrating to Amazon DocumentDB 5.0 | Amazon Web Services
15 April 2024, AWS Blog

Mask sensitive Amazon DocumentDB log data with Amazon CloudWatch Logs data protection | Amazon Web Services
16 April 2024, AWS Blog

Vector search for Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility) is now generally available | Amazon Web Services
29 November 2023, AWS Blog

Run complex queries on massive amounts of data stored on your Amazon DocumentDB clusters using Apache Spark ...
10 April 2024, AWS Blog

Achieve continuous delivery with blue/green deployments using Amazon DocumentDB database cloning and AWS ...
27 March 2024, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

Top 12 Data Migration Tools for 2024
18 April 2024, TechRepublic

Data Center Ransomware Attacks on Rise: Microsoft SQL Server is Prime Target
17 April 2024, CybersecurityNews

SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) Change Data Capture Attunity feature deprecations
28 February 2024, Microsoft

Containerize SQL Server workloads with Amazon EKS and DH2i | Amazon Web Services
28 March 2024, AWS Blog

A tumultuous, titanic Patch Tuesday as Microsoft makes some changes
10 April 2024, Sophos

provided by Google News

Breaking Boundaries: PostgreSQL 16 is now available on IBM Cloud
17 April 2024, IBM

pgEdge Distributed PostgreSQL Introduces Automatic DDL Replication and Snowflake Sequences for Postgres
17 April 2024, Yahoo Finance

Modernize your data architecture using Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL and Amazon QuickSight | Amazon Web Services
12 April 2024, AWS Blog

Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need
14 November 2023, Oracle

PostgreSQL or MySQL: What Should I Choose for My Full-Stack Project?
10 April 2024, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

Automated testing of Amazon Neptune data access with Apache TinkerPop Gremlin | Amazon Web Services
28 September 2022, AWS Blog

Simple Deployment of a Graph Database: JanusGraph | by Edward Elson Kosasih
12 October 2020, Towards Data Science

Why developers like Apache TinkerPop, an open source framework for graph computing | Amazon Web Services
27 September 2021, AWS Blog

InfiniteGraph Gets Support for Common Graph Database Language and More
21 February 2012, SiliconANGLE News

Introducing Gremlin query hints for Amazon Neptune | AWS Database Blog
26 February 2019, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

HP Throws Trafodion Hat into OLTP Hadoop Ring
14 July 2014, Datanami

Evaluating HTAP Databases for Machine Learning Applications
2 November 2016, KDnuggets

Low-latency, distributed database architectures are critical for emerging fog applications
7 April 2022, Embedded Computing Design

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Ontotext logo

GraphDB allows you to link diverse data, index it for semantic search and enrich it via text analysis to build big knowledge graphs. Get it free.

Present your product here