DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL
System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL
| Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Amazon DocumentDB Xexclude from comparison | Amazon DynamoDB Xexclude from comparison | Hawkular Metrics Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB  former name was Azure DocumentDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Fast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database service | Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud | Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra. | Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store | Document store Key-value store | Time Series DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Key-value store Wide column store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | aws.amazon.com/documentdb | aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | www.hawkular.org | azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db | www.postgresql.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | aws.amazon.com/documentdb/resources | docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide | learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db | www.postgresql.org/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Amazon | Community supported by Red Hat | Microsoft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2019 | 2012 | 2014 | 2014 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.2, February 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial free tier for a limited amount of database operations | Open Source Apache 2.0 | commercial | Open Source BSD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | yes | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java | C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | hosted | Linux OS X Windows | hosted | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free | schema-free | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes JSON types | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | no | yes All properties auto-indexed by default | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | no | no | SQL-like query language | yes standard with numerous extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | proprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible) | RESTful HTTP API | HTTP REST | DocumentDB API Graph API (Gremlin) MongoDB API RESTful HTTP API Table API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python | .Net ColdFusion Erlang Groovy Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | Go Java Python Ruby | .Net C# Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | no | no | JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes by integration with AWS Lambda | yes via Hawkular Alerting | JavaScript | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | none | Sharding | Sharding based on Cassandra | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas | yes | selectable replication factor based on Cassandra | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) | no may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) | no | with Hadoop integration Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure* | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be specified for read operations | Eventual Consistency based on Cassandra Immediate Consistency based on Cassandra | Bounded Staleness Consistent Prefix Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency Consistency level configurable on request levelSession Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Atomic single-document operations | ACID ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region | no | Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles | Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) | no | Access rights can be defined down to the item level | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amazon DocumentDB | Amazon DynamoDB | Hawkular Metrics | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB former name was Azure DocumentDB | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor Vector search for Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility) is now generally available | Amazon Web Services Reduce cost and improve performance by migrating to Amazon DocumentDB 5.0 | Amazon Web Services AWS announces Amazon DocumentDB I/O-Optimized AWS announces vector search for Amazon DocumentDB Mask sensitive Amazon DocumentDB log data with Amazon CloudWatch Logs data protection | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News Amazon DynamoDB now supports AWS PrivateLink AWS announces Amazon DynamoDB zero-ETL integration with Amazon OpenSearch Service Migrating Uber's Ledger Data from DynamoDB to LedgerStore Simplify cross-account access control with Amazon DynamoDB using resource-based policies | Amazon Web Services A new and improved AWS CDK construct for Amazon DynamoDB tables | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News Waiting for Red Hat OpenShift 4.0? Too late, 4.1 has already arrived… • DEVCLASS provided by Google News General availability: Microsoft Entra ID integration with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates General availability: PgAudit in Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates Azure Synapse Link for Cosmos DB: New Analytics Capabilities How to Migrate Azure Cosmos DB Databases | by Arwin Lashawn Azure Cosmos DB joins the AI toolchain provided by Google News Leveraging PostgreSQL for Cutting-Edge Generative AI Applications: Insights from Google's Product Managers Handle tables without primary keys while creating Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL zero-ETL integrations with Amazon ... Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need PostgreSQL or MySQL: What Should I Choose for My Full-Stack Project? Breaking Boundaries: PostgreSQL 16 is now available on IBM Cloud provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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