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DBMS > Amazon CloudSearch vs. Neo4j vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon CloudSearch vs. Neo4j vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon CloudSearch  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA hosted search engine service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.87
Rank#140  Overall
#12  Search engines
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.81
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#99  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­cloudsearchneo4j.comtypedb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­cloudsearchneo4j.com/­docstypedb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonNeo4j, Inc.VaticleOpenLink Software
Initial release2012200720161998
Current release5.18.1, March 20242.26.3, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyes infoall search fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlernoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes infoautomatic partitioning across Amazon Search Instance as requiredyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infoby using Cassandrayes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infomanaged transparently by AWSCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlauthentication via encrypted signaturesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon CloudSearchNeo4jTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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