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DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed relational database service built for the cloud providing unparalleled high performance and availability at global scale for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and DSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.33
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score22.55
Rank#26  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#2  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­rds/­auroracloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_AuroraOverview.html
docs.aws.amazon.com/­aurora-dsql/­latest/­userguide/­what-is-aurora-dsql.html
cloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Social network pagesLinkedIn
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release201520172014
Current releaseAurora DSQL, November 2024 (preview), PostgreSQL: docs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraPostgreSQLReleaseNotes/­AuroraPostgreSQL.Updates.html , MySQL: docs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraMySQLReleaseNotes/­AuroraMySQL.release-calendars.html
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePostgreSQL/MySQL: C, C++, Aurora DSQL: Rust
Server operating systemsAmazon Linuxhostedhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, MySQL and PostgreSQL dialectsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsDSQL API: docs.aws.amazon.com/­aurora-dsql/­latest/­userguide/­CHAP_api_reference.html
MySQL wire protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RDS Data API: docs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­UserGuide/­ProgrammingGuide.html
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scheme
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPL/pgSQL, MySQL stored program language, APG trusted language extensionsnoJavaScript
TriggersAurora MySQL: Yes. Aurora PostgreSQL: Yes. Aurora DSQL: No.noJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesDBMS table partitioning, Horizontal storage partitioning, Sharding, Distributed horizontal partitioning (DSQL)ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesFull replication
Logical replication
Snapshot replication
Transactional replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate/Strong Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID, Multi-statementACID infoStrict serializable isolationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of dataMultiversion concurrency control (MVCC) with fully compatible MySQL and PostgreSQL options. Optimistic concurrency control (OCC) in Aurora DSQL.yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentData is replicated across 3 Availability Zones (AZs) within a single AWS Region. Active-active multi-Region high availability across 3 Regions (2 active, 1 witness) and automated failover recovery with Aurora DSQL. Automated, continuous backup of data with point in time restore. Fault-tolerant, self-healing storage system.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based permissions
Row level security
Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Amazon AuroraGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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