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DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. EXASOL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. EXASOL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A widely adopted in-memory data gridVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.50
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#120  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­rds/­aurorawww.exasol.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasehazelcast.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlwww.exasol.com/­resourcesfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasehazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonExasolGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014HazelcastOpenLink Software
Initial release20152000201220081998
Current release5.3.6, November 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionslimited functionality with using 'rules'yes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoReplicated MapChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationnoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesRole-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon AuroraEXASOLFirebase Realtime DatabaseHazelcastVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon AuroraEXASOLFirebase Realtime DatabaseHazelcastVirtuoso
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