DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Datomic vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Datomic vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

MySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by Amazon

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.50
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.04
Rank	#374	Overall
	#38	Time Series DBMS

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#114	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/rds/aurora

www.datomic.com

www.hawkular.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/CHAP_Aurora.html

docs.datomic.com

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

Amazon

Cognitect

Community supported by Red Hat

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2015

2012

2014

1989

1994

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Clojure
Java

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

based on Cassandra

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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