DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Neo4j vs. OrientDB vs. TiDB vs. Weaviate
System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Neo4j vs. OrientDB vs. TiDB vs. Weaviate
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| Name | AllegroGraph Xexclude from comparison | Neo4j Xexclude from comparison | OrientDB Xexclude from comparison | TiDB Xexclude from comparison | Weaviate Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS | Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings | Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value) | TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability. | An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store  with version 6.5Graph DBMS RDF store Vector DBMS | Graph DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Key-value store | Relational DBMS | Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Document store | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | allegrograph.com | neo4j.com | orientdb.org | pingcap.com | github.com/weaviate/weaviate weaviate.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html | neo4j.com/docs | www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html | docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable | weaviate.io/developers/weaviate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Franz Inc. | Neo4j, Inc. | OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP | PingCAP, Inc. | Weaviate B.V. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2004 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.0, December 2023 | 5.18.1, March 2024 | 3.2.29, March 2024 | 7.6.0, January 2024 | 1.19, May 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial Limited community edition free | Open Source GPL version3, commercial licenses available | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers. | TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java, Scala | Java | Go, Rust | Go | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | Linux Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database. OS X Solaris Windows | All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6) | Linux | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes RDF schemas | schema-free and schema-optional | schema-free Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid") | yes | yes, maps to GraphQL interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no bulk load of XML files possible | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene | yes | yes | yes all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL is used as query language | no | SQL-like query language, no joins | yes | GraphQL is used as query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API SPARQL | Bolt protocol Cypher query language Java API Neo4j-OGM Object Graph MapperRESTful HTTP API Spring Data Neo4j TinkerPop 3 | Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | GORM JDBC ODBC Proprietary protocol SQLAlchemy | GraphQL query language RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# Clojure Java Lisp Perl Python Ruby Scala | .Net Clojure Elixir Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C# C++ Clojure Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Scala | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | JavaScript / TypeScript Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes JavaScript or Common Lisp | yes User defined Procedures and Functions | Java, Javascript | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes via event handler | Hooks | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | with Federation | yes using Neo4j Fabric | Sharding | horizontal partitioning (by key range) | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol available in in Enterprise Version only | Multi-source replication | Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no could be achieved with distributed queries | yes with TiSpark Connector | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes Relationships in graphs | yes relationship in graphs | yes full support since version 6.6 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication | Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable | Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | API Keys OpenID Connect Discovery | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | Neo4j | OrientDB | TiDB | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph... » more | Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale... » more | TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application... » more | Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and... » more | Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely... » more | - HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without... » more | Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network... » more | TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and... » more | As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers... » more | Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud... » more | All companies that have data. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million... » more | 34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors... » more | As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial... » more | TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise... » more | Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | Can Neuro-Symbolic AI Solve AI’s Weaknesses? 100 Companies That Matter in KM – Franz Inc. Exploring AllegroGraph v8 – Unleashing the Power of Neuro-Symbolic AI (Recorded Webinar) What is Neuro-Symbolic AI? Allegro CL v11 – Now Available! – The Neuro-Symbolic AI Programming Platform | Announcing NODES 2024: Submit Your Talk ISO GQL: A Defining Moment in the History of Database Innovation This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, RAG, Neo4j Guide, ERP and more Neo4j Brings GraphRAG Capabilities for GenAI to Google Cloud Neo4j Is Now SOC2 Type 2 Compliant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | Neo4j | OrientDB | TiDB | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs | Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category | Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support Q&A: Can Neuro-Symbolic AI Solve AI’s Weaknesses? AI predictions for 2024 unveil exciting technological horizons Neuro-Symbolic AI: The Peak of Artificial Intelligence Fuse Graph Neural Networks with Semantic Reasoning to Produce Complimentary Predictions Franz Releases the First Neuro-Symbolic AI Platform Merging Knowledge Graphs, Generative AI, and Vector Storage provided by Google News Neo4j Welcomes New GQL International Standard in Major Milestone for Database Industry Knowledge graphs leveraged for enhanced AI insights Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure Neo4j 'instrumental' in creation of new ISO graph query standard Leveraging Neo4j and Amazon Bedrock for an Explainable, Secure, and Connected Generative AI Solution | Amazon ... provided by Google News OrientDB: A Flexible and Scalable Multi-Model NoSQL DBMS Comparing Graph Databases II. Part 2: ArangoDB, OrientDB, and… | by Sam Bell CallidusCloud Acquires Leading Multi-Model Database Technology The 12 Best Graph Databases to Consider for 2024 K2View updates DataOps platform with data fabric automation provided by Google News How a new database architecture supports scale and reliability in TiDB How PingCAP transformed TiDB into a serverless DBaaS using Amazon S3 and Amazon EBS | Amazon Web Services Google Cloud's C3D Instances Provide Strong Performance Value For PingCAP's TiDB PingCAP Launches TiDB 7.5, Enhancing Distributed SQL Database Tech PingCAP Wins 2024 Data Breakthrough Awards provided by Google News Build enterprise-ready generative AI solutions with Cohere foundation models in Amazon Bedrock and Weaviate vector ... Weaviate Partners with Snowflake to Bring Secure GenAI to Snowpark Container Services Foley Represents Cortical Ventures in $50M Series B Round for Weaviate Getting Started with Weaviate: A Beginner's Guide to Search with Vector Databases The 5 Best Vector Databases You Must Try in 2024 provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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