DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. Derby vs. Neo4j
System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. Derby vs. Neo4j
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| Name | AllegroGraph Xexclude from comparison | CrateDB Xexclude from comparison | Datastax Enterprise Xexclude from comparison | Derby  often called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB Xexclude from comparison | Neo4j Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS | Distributed Database based on Lucene | DataStax Enterprise (DSE) is the always-on, scalable data platform built on Apache Cassandra and designed for hybrid Cloud. DSE integrates graph, search, analytics, administration, developer tooling, and monitoring into a unified platform. | Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server. | Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store with version 6.5 Graph DBMS RDF store Vector DBMS | Document store Spatial DBMS Search engine Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Wide column store | Relational DBMS | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Relational DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS Search engine Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | allegrograph.com | cratedb.com | www.datastax.com/products/datastax-enterprise | db.apache.org/derby | neo4j.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html | cratedb.com/docs | docs.datastax.com | db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html | neo4j.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Franz Inc. | Crate | DataStax | Apache Software Foundation | Neo4j, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2004 | 2013 | 2011 | 1997 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.0, December 2023 | 6.8, April 2020 | 10.17.1.0, November 2023 | 5.18.1, March 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial Limited community edition free | Open Source | commercial | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source GPL version3, commercial licenses available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform. | Datastax Astra DB: Astra DB simplifies cloud-native Cassandra application development for your apps, microservices and functions. Deploy in minutes on AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, and have it managed for you by the experts, with serverless, pay-as-you-go pricing. | Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java | Java | Java | Java, Scala | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support | Linux OS X | All OS with a Java VM | Linux Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database. OS X Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes RDF schemas | Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) | schema-free | yes | schema-free and schema-optional | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no bulk load of XML files possible | no | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL is used as query language | yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility | SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL); Spark SQL | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API SPARQL | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Prometheus Remote Read/Write RESTful HTTP API | Proprietary protocol CQL (Cassandra Query Language) TinkerPop Gremlin with DSE Graph | JDBC | Bolt protocol Cypher query language Java API Neo4j-OGM Object Graph MapperRESTful HTTP API Spring Data Neo4j TinkerPop 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# Clojure Java Lisp Perl Python Ruby Scala | .NET Erlang Go community maintained clientJava JavaScript (Node.js) community maintained clientPerl community maintained clientPHP Python R Ruby community maintained clientScala community maintained client | C C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | Java | .Net Clojure Elixir Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes JavaScript or Common Lisp | user defined functions (Javascript) | no | Java Stored Procedures | yes User defined Procedures and Functions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | no | yes | yes | yes via event handler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | with Federation | Sharding | Sharding no "single point of failure" | none | yes using Neo4j Fabric | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Configurable replication on table/partition-level | configurable replication factor, datacenter aware, advanced replication for edge computing | Source-replica replication | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol available in in Enterprise Version only | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Eventual Consistency Read-after-write consistency on record level | Immediate Consistency Tunable Consistency consistency level can be individually decided with each write operation | Immediate Consistency | Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | yes | yes Relationships in graphs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy | no Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication | rights management via user accounts | Access rights for users can be defined per object | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | CrateDB | Datastax Enterprise | Derby often called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB | Neo4j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph... » more | The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native... » more | DataStax Enterprise is scale-out data infrastructure for enterprises that need to... » more | Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and... » more | Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling... » more | Supporting the following application requirements: Zero downtime - Built on Apache... » more | Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics... » more | Applications that must be massively and linearly scalable with 100% uptime and able... » more | Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most... » more | Capital One, Cisco, Comcast, eBay, McDonald's, Microsoft, Safeway, Sony, UBS, and... » more | Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®... » more | Among the Forbes 100 Most Innovative Companies, DataStax is trusted by 5 of the top... » more | Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | See CrateDB pricing > » more | Annual subscription » more | GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | 100 Companies That Matter in KM – Franz Inc. Exploring AllegroGraph v8 – Unleashing the Power of Neuro-Symbolic AI (Recorded Webinar) What is Neuro-Symbolic AI? Allegro CL v11 – Now Available! – The Neuro-Symbolic AI Programming Platform The New Stack Features AllegroGraph v8 | This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, RAG, Neo4j Guide, ERP and more Neo4j Brings GraphRAG Capabilities for GenAI to Google Cloud Neo4j Is Now SOC2 Type 2 Compliant This Week in Neo4j: GenAI, Workshop Recordings, Graph Data Science Book and more This Week in Neo4j: Vectors, Knowledge Graphs, Clustering, Social Networks and more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| AllegroGraph | CrateDB | Datastax Enterprise | Derby often called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB | Neo4j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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