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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Postgres-XL vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Postgres-XL vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsA fast and solid embedded Key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS infousing the Octo plugin
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#220  Overall
#102  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.28
Rank#306  Overall
#44  Key-value stores
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.postgres-xl.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comyottadb.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoyottadb.com/­resources/­documentation
DeveloperAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupGoogleOpenLink SoftwareYottaDB, LLC
Initial release201620172014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB19982001
Current release10 R1, October 20187.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCC
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXby using the Octo plugin
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardinghorizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoMVCCACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBGoogle Cloud SpannerPostgres-XLVirtuosoYottaDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBGoogle Cloud SpannerPostgres-XLVirtuosoYottaDB
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