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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PlanetScale

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PlanetScale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgiotdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerplanetscale.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqliotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerplanetscale.com/­docs
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftPlanetScale
Initial release20142018201220192020
Current release1.1.0, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaGo
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedhostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJDBC
Native API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and SparknoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoyesnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
AlaSQLApache IoTDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPlanetScale
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