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DBMS > Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Well established RDBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.04
Rank#87  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.50
Rank#166  Overall
#29  Document stores
#27  Key-value stores
#76  Relational DBMS
Score5.15
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.80
Rank#112  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.actian.com/­ingreslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperSoftware AGFoundationDBActian CorporationMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release197120131974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s19891994
Current release6.2.28, November 202011.2, May 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaysupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesNatural.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalin SQL-layer onlyyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnonoyesyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslytables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatoryesIngres Replicatoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FoundationDBIngresMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle Berkeley DB
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