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DBMS > Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.04
Rank#87  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#241  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score23.95
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmldgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperSoftware AGDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release19712016201720102016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGo.NET and CC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted.NEThosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNaturalC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalnonoyesTransact SQL
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistayesShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)no infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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