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DBMS > 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.92
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score4.00
Rank#84  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.iorocksdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
Developer4D, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.
Initial release19841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20152013
Current releasev20, April 202316.2, February 20248.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIC++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby Federationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionPostgreSQLPrometheusRocksDB
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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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