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DBMS > 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.10
Rank#126  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#124  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.heavy.aiwww.postgresql.org/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Developer4D, IncHEAVY.AI, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTobias Oetiker
Initial release198420161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1999
Current releasev20, April 20235.10, January 202216.2, February 20241.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++ and CUDACC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022PostgreSQLRRDtool
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