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DBMS > 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score2.36
Rank#124  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#143  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncVesoft Inc.8Kdata
Initial release1984201920172016
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesStrong typed schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsyes
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphTigerGraphToroDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphTigerGraphToroDB
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Recent citations in the news

Celebrating 10,000 GitHub Stars for NebulaGraph
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

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NebulaGraph reaps from China’s growing appetite for graph databases
16 September 2022, TechCrunch

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1 November 2023, Datanami

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10 January 2024, VnExpress International

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