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DBMS > 4D vs. Milvus vs. NebulaGraph vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Milvus vs. NebulaGraph vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.81
Rank#144  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#106  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.commilvus.iogithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rethinkdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.nebula-graph.iorethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncVesoft Inc.The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842019201920091998
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 20242.4.1, August 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++, GoC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesStrong typed schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsPL/SQL
TriggersyesnoClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsRole-based access controlyes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusNebulaGraphRethinkDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusNebulaGraphRethinkDBTimesTen
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