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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servertrafodion.apache.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servertrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HPJuxt Ltd.
Initial release1984198920142019
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20222.3.0, February 20191.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, JavaClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava Stored Proceduresno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes, via HBaseyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBaseno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerTrafodionXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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