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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#234  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databaserdf4j.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaserdf4j.org/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­hana
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftOracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SAP
Initial release19841989198020042010
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 20232.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleyesSQLScript, R
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSAP HANA
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