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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#248  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversql.js.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release1984201119892012
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQL.JS
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