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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Linter vs. MarkLogic vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Linter vs. MarkLogic vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDBMS for high security requirementsOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.10
Rank#350  Overall
#153  Relational DBMS
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldblinter.ruwww.marklogic.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.marklogic.comdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncGooglerelex.ruMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release19842011199020012017
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 202111.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infoSQL92SQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBLinterMarkLogicTigerGraph
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