DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sadas Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Well established RDBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

SADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.67
Rank	#77	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#379	Overall
	#156	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.sadasengine.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.sadasengine.com/en/sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/#documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

SADAS s.r.l.

Initial release

1984

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

2006

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.2, May 2022

V12

8.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free trial version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

AIX
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Ingres Replicator

yes, with always 3 replicas available

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

managed by 'Learn by Usage'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

PostgreSQL now top developer choice ahead of MySQL, according to massive new survey • DEVCLASS
13 June 2023, DevClass

Dr. Michael Stonebraker: A Short History of Database Systems
1 February 2019, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for mid-November 2023 | Azure updates
15 November 2023, Microsoft

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database
27 March 2024, InfoWorld

Azure SQL Database takes Saturday off on US east coast following network power failure
18 September 2023, The Register

Power what’s next with limitless relational databases from Azure
15 November 2023, microsoft.com

provided by Google News

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