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DBMS > 4D vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score31.25
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhbase.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
pingcap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetVesoft Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release1984200820192016
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 20217.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocolUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACRole-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseNebulaGraphTiDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseNebulaGraphTiDB
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