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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.nebula-graph.io
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerGoogleVesoft Inc.
Initial release1984200520112019
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2LevelDBNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2LevelDBNebulaGraph
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