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DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. LevelDB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. LevelDB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#133  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.48
Rank#115  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbquestdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleQuestDB Technology IncOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842002201120141998
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20171.23, February 202111 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (OQL)noSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnonoPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definablenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeLevelDBQuestDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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