DBMS > 4D vs. dBASE vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. dBASE vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	11.18
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	0.81
Rank	#214	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#141	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Asthon Tate

CCRi and others

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

1979

2014

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

dBASE 2019, 2019

4.0.5, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

dBase proprietary IDE

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on storage layer

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

depending on storage layer

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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DB-Engines Ranking coverage expanded to 169 database management systems
3 June 2013, Paul Andlinger

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Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

30 Years Ago: The Rise, Fall and Survival of Ashton-Tate's dBASE
19 September 2013, eWeek

DBF File (What It Is and How to Open One)
6 April 2023, Lifewire

Microsoft Access 2016 Now Supports dBase Database Format
7 September 2016, redmondmag.com

What is Dbase? - Definition from Techopedia
19 September 2011, Techopedia

A malicious document could lead to RCE in Apache OpenOffice (CVE-2021-33035)
22 September 2021, Help Net Security

provided by Google News

New TigerGraph CEO Refocuses Efforts on Enterprise Customers
31 July 2023, Datanami

TigerGraph update adds enterprise-scale capabilities
31 October 2023, TechTarget

Aerospike takes on Neo4j and TigerGraph with launch of graph database
20 June 2023, SiliconANGLE News

TigerGraph Bolsters DB for Enterprise Graph Workloads
1 November 2023, Datanami

TigerGraph partners with Pascal as master distributor for APJ region
10 January 2024, VnExpress International

provided by Google News

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