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DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. FileMaker vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. FileMaker vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFileMaker  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed reliable key-value storeFileMaker is a cross-platform RDBMS that includes a GUI frontend.In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score7.66
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score48.81
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score20.81
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.claris.com/­filemakerwww.memcached.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.claris.com/­resources/­documentationgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncClaris infoa subsidiary of AppleDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984198320031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20233.4, August 201919.4.1, November 20211.6.25, March 202416.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoCC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
iOS infoclient part only
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoA http query request can return the data in XML formatyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infovia pluginsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
Filemaker WebDirect
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
PHP.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication, warm standby infosince Version 14none infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallitySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnosimple rights management via user accounts and connection to external directory servicesyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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