DBMS > 4D vs. Fauna vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Fauna vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Fauna provides a web-native interface, with support for GraphQL and custom business logic that integrates seamlessly with the rest of the serverless ecosystem. The underlying globally distributed storage and compute platform is fast, consistent, and reliable, with a modern security infrastructure.

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#26	Document stores
	#14	Graph DBMS
	#71	Relational DBMS
	#13	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.78
Rank	#213	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.fauna.com

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Fauna, Inc.

CCRi and others

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2014

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.0.5, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Scala
Swift

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

consistent hashing

depending on storage layer

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Identity management, authentication, and access control

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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