DBMS > 4D vs. Ehcache vs. eXtremeDB vs. Neo4j vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ehcache vs. eXtremeDB vs. Neo4j vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	5.23
Rank	#68	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	0.73
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	44.47
Rank	#23	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	45.84
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.ehcache.org/documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

neo4j.com/docs

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

4D, Inc

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

McObject

Neo4j, Inc.

SAP

Initial release

1984

2009

2001

2007

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.10.0, March 2022

8.2, 2021

5.18.1, March 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

support of XML interfaces available

Secondary indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

by defining events

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

horizontal partitioning / sharding

yes using Neo4j Fabric

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

by using Terracotta Server

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more

Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more

Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.