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DBMS > 4D vs. EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemThe EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.18
Rank#122  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score6.03
Rank#60  Overall
#6  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.enterprisedb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.enterprisedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncEnterpriseDBMicrosoftSphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release1984200520192001
Current releasev20, April 202314, December 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentscommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEDB PostgresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSphinx
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